The decision of whether to install artificial turf or natural grass is one that requires serious consideration of all related science-based information. Current trends should be put aside in favor of the facts that can have short- and longterm rewards or consequences. Unsubstantiated claims, over-statements, misstatements or misunderstandings and fads should not be part of the decision making process. While there are situations when artificial turf might be an appropriate choice, scientific research documents the significant environmental, health and safety benefits of natural grass which logically should be the first consideration. The true costs of proper installation, care and maintenance of artificial turf fields varies as widely as those of natural grass. The key word is “proper,” as in whatever it takes to maintain high quality fields. The most reliable means for estimating true costs is to request a comprehensive bid proposal from artificial turf and natural turfgrass producers, inclusive of actual costs for pre-installation field preparation, installation, post-installation care and maintenance—including annual and seasonal maintenance and repair for an extended period of time such as five or 10 years.